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Cancer
Cancer often causes temporary to permanent infertility. It is assumed that both the disease itself and the drug therapies used damage sperm DNA and increase the DFI level. Therefore, semen samples are generally collected and cryopreserved as soon as possible after diagnosis. However, semen quality is often impaired prior to therapy. Therefore, the question often arises as to whether the sperm DNA is of higher quality in the sample before treatment or in the sample after recovery.

Distribution of individual %DFI values. Green bars: 18 samples from healthy sperm donors; Green bars: 39 semen samples from patients with testicular cancer after unilateral orchiectomy before further treatment. Gray bars: (Fossa et al. 1997.)

Clinical Trial for Cancer

In general, men with good DNA integrity before chemotherapy have better recovery of DNA integrity after chemotherapy compared to poor DNA integrity as a starting point. Patients with diseases of the testis, Hodgkin’s, non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma and other neoplasms (abnormal growth = tumor) were evaluated using the SCSA test. The results showed that the group of cancer patients showed significantly higher levels of DNA damage than the donors who were proven to be fertile (Kobayashi et al. 2001).

In another study, the sperm of six men with acute lymphoblastic leukemia were analyzed for DNA fragmentation 10 to 52 months after completing therapy. All test subjects showed relatively low DNA fragmentation. After treatment, one patient fathered a normal child and a second child with multiple congenital anomalies, followed by a second normal child (Evenson et al. 1984).

Testicular cancer patients were evaluated by SCSA after unilateral orchiectomy (removal of a testicle) but before treatment. Twenty-three of the 39 patients showed abnormal DNA fragmentation during pretreatment.

After treatment with radiotherapy or chemotherapy (19 patients), recovery of spermatogenesis was observed in 4 out of 5 patients, with recovery occurring predominantly in those patients with normal DNA fragmentation during pretreatment. (Fossa et al. 1997).

Cancer
Cancer often causes temporary to permanent male infertility, most likely from both the disease and the drug therapies used to treat the disease, which have been found to damage sperm DNA and elevate DFI levels. However, the disease itself often damages sperm DNA. Thus, the general practice of collecting semen sample for freezing upon diagnosis of cancer is a good policy; however, the semen quality is often compromised prior to therapy. Therefore, at a time when the cancer patient is recovering from treatment it is often a question of whether the sperm DNA is a higher quality in the pre-treatment sample or the sample following recovery.
Distribution of individual %DFI values. Cross-hatched bars,18 samples from healthy semen donors; solid bars, 39 semen samples from patients with testicular cancer after unilateral orchiectomy before further treatment. From Fossa et al 1997.
Clinical Study for Cancer

In general, men with good DNA integrity prior to chemotherapy have better DNA integrity recovery after chemotherapy than those with poor DNA integrity prior to chemotherapy. Patients with testicular, Hodgkin’s disease, non-Hodgkin’s disease and other neoplasm’s (abnormal growth, i.e. tumor) were evaluated with SCSA analysis. The results showed the cancer patients as a group had significantly higher DNA damage when compared to proven fertile donors (Kobayashi et al. 2001).

In another study, semen from six men with acute lymphocytic leukemia was analyzed for DNA fragmentation 10 to 52 months after completion of therapy. All men had DNA fragmentation consistent with a normal fertile reproductive status. After treatment one patient fathered a normal child and a second fathered a child with multiple congenital malformations followed by a second normal child (Evenson et al. 1984).

Patients with testicular cancer were evaluated by SCSA after unilateral orchiectomy (removal of one testis) but before treatment. Twenty-three of the thirty-nine patients displayed abnormal DNA fragmentation during pre-treatment.

After treatment with radiotherapy or chemotherapy in 19 returning patients, recovery of spermatogenesis was seen in 4 out of 5 patients and was observed more in patients with normal DNA fragmentation during pre-treatment (Fossa et al. 1997).

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